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It is pointed out in the passage that the black communities living in some British port towns in the early years of the nineteenth century ----.
Following World War II, European countries largely
gave up their colonial possessions and, by the 1950s
and 1960s, had already begun to receive growing
numbers of immigrants from their former colonies. In
many instances, these included the descendants of
the slaves in the colonies, who had been forced to
work. In this respect, Britain is a case in point.
Though in small numbers, Africans and Indians had
come to Britain long before the tens of thousands
who came as colonial immigrants in the 1960s and
thereafter. The first Africans who came to Britain
were probably soldiers during the Roman possession
of that country in antiquity. In modern times,
especially in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,
African and Indian princes and scholars visited
Britain. Others coming to Britain were in service
positions; for instance, in the eighteenth century,
black African and Indian young men were fashionable
as servants in the homes of the wealthy. Africans and
Indians also came to Britain as sailors and traders,
and port towns, such as London, Glasgow, Bristol,
Cardiff and Liverpool, developed small black
populations in the early nineteenth century, some of
which persisted into the twentieth century. Relations
between these populations and the native white
population were varied, historians citing instances
both of hostility and solidarity.