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It is clearly stated in the passage that seaweed ----.
Forget drilling into the ocean floor to tap into
ever-decreasing supplies of oil, because there could
soon be a new fuel source beneath the waves –
seaweed. A technique has been developed to convert
sugars in seaweed into a fuel that can be used to power
cars. Biofuels are currently produced from crops such
as corn and sugar cane, but these sources are also in
demand for use as food, and their production requires
large amounts of land, fresh water and fertiliser.
Seaweed requires none of these and has the advantage
of not containing lignin, a strong strand of sugars that
stiffens plant stalks but is difficult to turn into biofuel.
Researchers at Bio Architecture Lab in California have
been able to produce bioethanol from kombu, an edible
brown seaweed. Bioethanol can be blended with petrol
and used in engines with little or no modification. Brown
seaweed has high sugar content and also grows more
quickly than the red or green species. The only potential
stumbling block is growing enough of the stuff. Several
thousand tonnes are farmed annually for food, but if it is
going to be used widely as a fuel, billions of tonnes
would be required. But Bio Architecture Lab is still
forging ahead, launching a seaweed biofuel pilot project
in 2013. It hopes to commercialize seaweed-sourced
fuels within three to four years.