ÜDS-Fen 2002-1 Soru=78

According to the passage, it is only within the last ten years or so that

Our understanding of submarine volcanic eruptions
has improved substantially in the past decade owing
to the recent ability to remotely detect such events
and to respond rabidly with brief surveys and
sampling at the eruption site. But these data are
necessarily limited to observations after the event. In
contrast, the 1998 eruption of the Axial volcano on
the Juan de Fuce ridge was monitored by on site
sea-floor instruments. One of these instruments,
which measured bottom pressure, was overrun and
entrapped by the 1998 lava flow. The data recorded
by this discovered. The data recorded by this
instrument reveal the duration, character and effusion
rate of an eruption on a mid-ocean ridge.