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Stimulation of several areas of the hypothalamus in
the brain causes an animal to experience extreme
hunger, a voracious appetite, and an intense desire
to search for food. The area most associated with
hunger is the lateral hypothalamic area. Damage to
this area sometimes causes the animal to lose desire
for food, sometimes causing lethal starvation. On the
other hand, a centre in the hypothalamus that
opposes the desire for food, called the satiety centre,
is located in the ventromedial nucleus. When this
centre is stimulated electrically, an animal that is
eating food suddenly stops eating and shows
complete indifference to food. However, if this area is
destroyed bilaterally, the animal cannot be satiated;
instead, its hypothalamic hunger centres become
overactive, so that it has a voracious appetite,
resulting in tremendous obesity.