According to the passage, unless they receive aid, underdeveloped countries ____ .

Aid to underdeveloped countries takes many forms
and it is given for many reasons. Underdeveloped
countries need aid to provide finance for development
projects; to provide foreign exchange with which
imports for development purpose can be bought; and
to provide the trained manpower and technical
knowledge they lack. The motives of the donor are not
always humanitarian. “Aid” can take a military form; it
can be used to support an incompetent or unjust
government. Nor is aid always beneficial to the
recipient country. It may be wasted on ill-conceived or
prestige projects, or cause the government simply to
relax on its own efforts.