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George Manby is most famous for his invention of the
Manby Mortar – a device once used to rescue a lot of
people from shipwrecks. He is also known as the father
of the modern fire extinguisher, which in itself has also
saved thousands of lives. Fire extinguishers actually
predate Manby's invention. One of the earliest ones was
designed in 1723 by Ambrose Godfrey. Godfrey's device
consisted of a fire-extinguishing liquid and a chamber of
gunpowder. When the attached fuses were lit, the
gunpowder exploded and scattered the liquid. They
were not widely used, although there is an account of
them being used in a fire in London in 1729. Manby's
1818 invention was more efficient. He was inspired to
invent a portable fire extinguisher after witnessing
firemen's inability to fight fires on the top floors of
buildings because they were difficult to get to. He
designed a device containing potassium carbonate with
the remaining space taken up by compressed air. When
the device was activated, it allowed the air to rush out
and spread the potassium carbonate over quite a range.
The system could also be used with water, and was
portable, allowing firemen to reach otherwise
inaccessible areas. Manby's invention was soon
replaced by a newer model. However, the use of
compressed air formed the premise for new prototypes,
with modern extinguishers using carbon dioxide as the
pressurising agent in a similar way