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As it is explained in the passage, carbon-14 is a radio-active isotope that —.
Are we born with a limited number of heart cells or is the heart able to generate new ones? To this long-debated question, researchers at the Karolinska Institute have come up with an answer: Heart cells are continually replaced. The renewal rate is 1 % per year up to age 20 years and decreases over the years, reaching 0.5% in the 70s. Thus, over a lifetime, less than half of the myocardial cells are renewed. The method used by Jonas Frisenna and his team to uncover the heart's ability to produce new cells is totally innovative. They determine the age of heart cells using the carbon-14 dating method. Following the aerial nuclear explosions conducted during the Cold War in the 1950s, large quantities of this radioactive isotope were released into the atmosphere and absorbed by plant, animal and human cells and DNA. But since the Nuclear Test Ban, these quantities of carbon-14 have decreased quite rapidly. Scientists have analyzed the carbon-14 content of the DNA of heart cells of people born before and after the nuclear tests to determine when these cells were generated. The results of this study open new perspectives in the search for therapies to alleviate cell death in myocardial infarction.