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Organisms use two types of cell division to ensure that DNA is passed down from cell to cell during reproduction. Simple one-celled organisms and some other organisms reproduce by a process called “mitosis”, during which a cell doubles its DNA before dividing into two cells and distributing the DNA evenly to each resulting cell. ---- Known as “meiosis”, this process involves sexual reproduction. In this process, an egg and sperm unite to form a zygote, in which the full number of chromosomes is restored.
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Organisms that reproduce sexually, on the other hand, use a different type of cell division. |
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In all organisms, cells divide to produce new cells, each of which requires the genetic information in DNA. |
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Mitosis occurs in five stages, namely interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. |
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Modern genetics offers solutions to the reproductive problems that were once thought to be incurable. |
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Each new cell needs a complete copy of an organism's genetic information to function properly. |