(I) Dyslexia is a reading disorder that persists despite good schooling and normal or even above-average intelligence. (II) The more severely dyslexic Chinese do encounter trouble comprehending and writing characters. (III) The exact nature of the disease has puzzled doctors, teachers, parents and dyslexics themselves since it was first described more than a century ago. (IV) Evidence suggests that there is a flaw in the neurological wiring of dyslexics that makes reading extremely difficult for them. (V) Studies suggest that the right kinds of instruction provided early enough could rewire the brain so that the neurological flaw disappears entirely.