(I) Archaeologists have to bear in mind some points when working with early historical chronologies. (II) This system can be confirmed and refined using astronomy. (III) The chronological system requires careful reconstruction, and any list of rulers or kings needs to be reasonably complete. (IV) The list, although it may reliably record the number of years in each reign, has still to be linked with our own calendar if it is not to remain merely a “floating chronology”. (V) The artifacts, features, or structures to be dated at a particular site have somehow to be related to the historical chronology, perhaps by their association with an inscription referring to the ruler of the time.