Paragraf Test-23 Soru=4

We understand from the passage that Mandarin ................ .

Mandarin is spoken by more people than any other
language in the world. One of the world's oldest tongues,
it did not become China's official language until 1644, with
the Manchu overthrow of the Ming dynasty. The new
rulers, a non-Chinese race, spoke many dialects among
themselves, so they selected Peking Mandarin to be the
unifying political language. Although not intended to be
the speech of the people as a whole, it spread, and after
the start of the Chinese Republic in 1912, it was chosen
as the national language. Mandarin is written with
thousands of distinctive characters, which bear no
relationship to the sound of a word. Traditionally written
from top to bottom, right to left, the language is now more
commonly written as English is written.